Wondrous Nature’s Gift: Versatile Jackfruit 大自然的神奇贈禮：多功能的菠蘿蜜

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Издатель Apr 5, 2021

The aromatic jackfruit is the world’s largest tree-borne fruit and has been a common food source for centuries in tropical South and Southeast Asia. People from these regions revere the jackfruit as it has saved millions of lives during years of food scarcity. It is honored as the national fruit in both Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Due to its versatility, jackfruit is considered a miracle crop that can improve worldwide food security amidst the effects of climate change. During the initial weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people in the Sri Lankan rural villages lost their source of income, waiting for weeks or even months before any form of government support reached them. Fortunately, the villagers could rely on the jackfruit crops as their staple food, thereby preventing another food shortage.
The jackfruit is an evergreen tropical tree fruit native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. Archaeological evidence reveals that its cultivation in India started as early as 1300 BC. This fruit is a member of the mulberry family, related to fig and breadfruit, and prefers tropical or near-tropical lowlands with rich, deep, and porous soil to flourish. The tree is easy to grow, highly productive, resilient to pests and disease, and can endure extreme weather conditions. Once established, it requires minimal attention. Jackfruit can weigh on average between 10 and 15 kilograms. In some cases, they can even weigh up to 45 kilograms! In its native climate condition, the jackfruit tree is very productive and its fruits can be harvested all year round, and the peak season being summer. A healthy tree can produce up to 200 fruits a year, equivalent to three metric tons.
The jackfruit tree is blessed with longevity, having an average life span of 60 to 70 years. This amazing fruit is a nutritional powerhouse. It is rich in dietary fiber, which helps maintain digestive health and weight control; it is also free from fats and bad cholesterol- good for cardiovascular health. Moreover, it has plenty of essential vitamins, minerals and antioxidants that support the immune system and helps to prevent cancer and inflammation.

芳香的菠蘿蜜是世界上最大的樹生水果，幾個世紀以來一直是南亞和東南亞熱帶地區常見的食物來源。這些地區的人們推崇菠蘿蜜，因為它在食物短缺年代拯救過數百萬人的生命。它被譽為孟加拉和斯里蘭卡二國的國果。由於它的多功能性，菠蘿蜜被認為是一種在氣候變遷的影響下，可以改善全球糧食安全的神奇作物。新冠肺炎大流行的最初幾週，斯里蘭卡鄉村的許多民眾失去收入來源，他們等待數週甚至數月才能接獲任何形式的政府救助。所幸村民們能仰賴菠蘿蜜作為他們的主食，從而避免另一波食物短缺。
菠蘿蜜是一種常綠的熱帶果樹，原產於南亞和東南亞。考古證據顯示，早在公元前一千三百年，印度就開始種植這種植物。這種果樹與無花果和麵包果，都是桑科的成員，喜在熱帶或近熱帶的低地，土壤肥沃、深厚且排水好的環境中生長。這種樹容易生長，產量高，抗病蟲害能力強，還能忍受極端的天氣狀況。一旦定植，它需要的關注就很少。菠蘿蜜果的重量平均為十至十五公斤。某些情況下，它們甚至可重達四十五公斤！在其本土的氣候條件下，菠蘿蜜樹的產量很高，一年四季都可收穫果實，夏季是收穫的旺季。一顆健康的樹，一年可結出二百枚果實，相當於三公噸重。
菠蘿蜜樹有長壽的福氣，平均壽命為六十至七十年。這種神奇的水果是營養豐富的能量寶庫。它富含膳食纖維，有助於維持消化系統健康和體重控制；它也不含脂肪及壞膽固醇，對心血管健康有益。此外，它還含有豐富的必需維生素、礦物質及抗氧化劑，可以增強人體的免疫系統，有助於預防癌症和發炎。