Symptoms of Liver Cirrhosis #shorts

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In 2016, liver cancer is estimated to have affected about 40,170 American citizens and taken the lives of 28,920 adults, making it the tenth most common cancer and the fifth and the eighth most common cause of cancer death in men and women respectively in the US. The trend is however worse in countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia, with some countries having lung cancer as the most common reason for cancer related deaths. In the mix, is the five year survival rate for liver cancer, which is the number of individuals that survive for five years or more from the day of diagnosis expressed in percentages clocking in at eighteen per cent. However if diagnosed during its early stages, the five year survival rate is relatively better at thirty one per cent; but at later stages when the cancer has spread to the neighbouring organs and tissues, the rate drops to eleven per cent, and if it affects organs further away, the five year survival rate moves to three per cent. The aforementioned statistics are intimidating, but liver cancer, if diagnosed properly, can save people from impending harm.​

Cause and Types of Liver Cancer:​Liver cancer is a condition where the normal cells that usually comprise the liver turns abnormal in behaviour and appearance. These abnormal cells, which could be cancerous (malignant), do not die and affect the surrounding normal cells too. This thus leads to the formation of tumours, abnormal tissues (comprising of abnormal cells) that go on to affect other neighbouring tissues and organs. However, these tumours can range from relatively harmless (benign) to cancerous (malignant).
Symptoms and Diagnosis:​In its early stages liver cancer does not usually exhibit any sort of symptoms. However in later stages it may cause pain in the right side of the abdomen or a feeling of fullness while eating. However some common symptoms include: weight loss, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, jaundice and/or fluid in the abdomen. If on consulting a doctor, the suspicion of liver cancer arises he/she will ask you to perform the following tests:

Blood Tests: These are performed to find the levels of Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) in the blood as it is an important tumour marker. Usually patients with the presence of tumours would have a larger than normal percentage of AFP in their blood stream.

Imaging Studies: The preferred means to determine the location and extent of the cancer in the liver is through multiphasic helical CT scan and MRI. If the imaging studies fails to provide conclusive results then follow up studies will be performed.

Liver Biopsy: This involves extracting a sample from the cancerous part of the liver with the help of a needle and analysed by a pathologist to determine the extent and the type of cancer. However, a biopsy comes with an added risk of seeding. It is when the cancer cells get attached to the needle used for a biopsy and spread to areas touched by the needle. The risk of seeding varies from one to three per cent of the total cases.​

Staging:​One of the goals of the aforementioned diagnosis methods is to stage the liver cancer in your body: defining the extent of your cancer with the help of alpha-numeric parameters or generally accepted terminology.